Assisting with Transfers

Introduction

Assisting with transfers involves training a service dog to help the handler move from one surface to another, such as from a wheelchair to a bed, chair, or vice versa. This task is particularly beneficial for individuals with limited mobility, muscle weakness, or balance issues that make transferring independently challenging. By providing physical support and assistance, the dog enhances the handler's safety and independence during daily activities.

Cues

• Verbal Cue: Commands like "Transfer," "Assist," or "Help."
• Physical Cue: The handler positioning themselves for transfer or touching the dog's harness.
• Environmental Cue: The presence of two surfaces between which the transfer occurs.

Training Phases

Phase 1: Teaching

Step 1: Positioning Training

• Goal: Teach the dog to position themselves correctly to assist with transfers.
• Action:
  • Guide the dog to stand in a specific location next to you during transfers.
  • Use a verbal cue like "Assist" while placing the dog parallel to your side.
  • Ensure the dog is close enough for you to reach comfortably.
• Reward:
  • Immediately praise and reward the dog with a treat for standing in the correct position.

Step 2: Command Association

• Goal: Link the verbal cue with the action of assisting.
• Action:
  • Consistently use the chosen verbal cue "Transfer" or "Assist" each time you position the dog.
  • Repeat the process multiple times to reinforce the association.
• Reward:
  • Provide positive reinforcement every time the dog responds correctly to the cue.

Step 3: Simulating Assistance

• Goal: Acclimate the dog to the sensation of you applying slight pressure.
• Action:
  • While the dog is in position, gently place your hand on their shoulders or harness handle.
  • Apply minimal pressure to simulate the beginning of a transfer.
  • Observe the dog's reaction to ensure they are comfortable.
• Reward:
  • Praise and treat the dog for remaining steady under light pressure.

Phase 2: Reinforcing

Step 4: Gradual Weight Increase

• Goal: Get the dog accustomed to supporting more weight safely.
• Action:
  • Slowly increase the amount of pressure applied during the transfer simulation.
  • Monitor the dog's comfort level closely; never exceed what is safe for their size and strength.
• Reward:
  • Praise and reward the dog for successfully supporting increased pressure.

Step 5: Movement Integration

• Goal: Teach the dog to assist during the actual transfer movement.
• Action:
  • Practice transferring from one surface to another with the dog's assistance.
  • Use the "Assist" command before initiating the transfer.
  • Place your hand firmly on the dog's harness handle or back as you move.
• Reward:
  • Offer immediate praise when the dog remains steady and helpful during your movement.

Step 6: Consistency in Commands

• Goal: Ensure the dog responds reliably to cues without guidance.
• Action:
  • Begin giving the verbal cue without physically guiding the dog into position.
  • Encourage the dog to assume the assisting position upon hearing the cue alone.
• Reward:
  • Provide high-value treats for independent and correct responses.

Phase 3: Proofing

Step 7: Practicing Between Different Surfaces

• Goal: Ensure the dog can assist with transfers between various surfaces.
• Action:
  • Practice transferring between wheelchair and bed, wheelchair and chair, chair and sofa, etc.
  • Include surfaces of different heights and stability.
• Reward:
  • Reinforce the behavior consistently across all types of transfers.

Step 8: Introducing Distractions

• Goal: Ensure the dog remains focused despite external stimuli.
• Action:
  • Add distractions such as other people, noises, or pets during training sessions.
  • Maintain the command and encourage the dog to focus on the task.
• Reward:
  • Praise the dog for successfully assisting despite distractions.

Step 9: Simulating Urgent Situations

• Goal: Prepare the dog for unexpected or emergency transfers.
• Action:
  • Simulate scenarios where you may need to transfer quickly.
  • Use the command with a sense of urgency to test the dog's responsiveness.
• Reward:
  • Offer high-value rewards for prompt and accurate assistance.

Phase 4: Maintenance

Step 10: Regular Practice

• Goal: Keep the skill sharp and reliable.
• Action:
  • Incorporate transfer assistance into daily routines.
  • Use the dog's help whenever transferring between surfaces.
• Reward:
  • Continue to offer praise and occasional treats to reinforce the behavior.

Step 11: Physical Health Monitoring

• Goal: Ensure the dog remains physically capable of performing the task safely.
• Action:
  • Schedule regular veterinary check-ups focusing on joint and muscle health.
  • Observe the dog for any signs of discomfort or strain during and after assisting.
• Adjustment:
  • Modify or pause training if any health concerns arise.

Step 12: Refresh Training

• Goal: Maintain a high level of performance.
• Action:
  • Periodically revisit initial training steps.
  • Update commands or techniques as needed.
• Reward:
  • Use positive reinforcement to keep the dog engaged and responsive.

Common Misconceptions

• Misconception: Dogs can replace the need for human assistance during transfers.
  • Clarification: While dogs can provide significant assistance, they should not replace human caregivers for complex transfers, especially if there is a risk of injury. The dog assists but does not take on the full responsibility of the transfer.
• Misconception: Any dog can perform transfer assistance regardless of size.
  • Clarification: Only dogs of sufficient size and strength should perform transfer assistance tasks. It's essential to assess the dog's physical capabilities before training.
• Misconception: Once trained, the dog doesn't need ongoing practice.
  • Clarification: Regular practice is crucial to maintain the dog's skills and physical condition. Ongoing training ensures reliability and safety.

Parent Coaching Tips

• Safety First
  • Action: Always assess the safety of a transfer; if uncertain, seek human assistance. Do not rely solely on the dog if the transfer poses a risk.
• Proper Technique
  • Action: Learn the correct methods for transferring with the dog's help. Consider consulting a physical therapist or professional trainer for guidance.
• Limit Strain
  • Action: Be mindful not to overburden the dog; they should assist, not bear full weight. Ensure the dog's comfort and safety at all times.
• Communication
  • Action: Keep clear communication with the dog during the process to ensure coordination. Use consistent cues and provide immediate feedback.
• Monitor Behavior
  • Action: Watch for signs of discomfort or reluctance in your dog, such as avoiding the task or showing signs of stress. If observed, reassess the training method and consult a professional.
• Invest in Quality Equipment
  • Action: Use appropriate harnesses or support equipment designed for transfer assistance.

Tools Needed

• Transfer Equipment
  • Description: Sliding boards or other aids as necessary to facilitate safe transfers.
• Support Harness
  • Description: A harness for the dog that provides secure points for you to hold during transfers.
• Treats and Rewards
  • Description: High-value treats to reinforce positive behavior during training sessions.
• Professional Training Support
  • Description: Access to a professional trainer or occupational therapist experienced in transfer assistance tasks.
• Non-Slip Mats
  • Description: Useful during training to prevent slipping and ensure safety, especially on smooth surfaces.