Assisting with Position Changes

Introduction

Assisting with position changes involves training a service dog to help the handler move between different physical positions, such as transitioning from sitting to standing, standing to sitting, or lying down to sitting up. This task is crucial for individuals with mobility impairments, muscle weakness, balance issues, or conditions that make independent movement challenging. By providing physical support and stability, the dog enhances the handler's independence and safety during daily activities.

Cues

• Verbal Cue: Commands like "Brace," "Up," or "Assist."
• Hand Signal: A specific gesture indicating the need for assistance, such as patting the thigh or holding out a hand.
• Environmental Cue: The handler preparing to change position, like reaching for support or shifting weight.

Training Phases

Phase 1: Teaching

Step 1: Introduce the Brace Position

• Goal: Teach the dog to stand steadily beside the handler in a specific position.
• Action:
  • Position the dog next to you on the side you prefer support from.
  • Use a verbal cue like "Brace" while guiding the dog into a standing position.
  • Ensure the dog’s body is aligned parallel to yours for optimal support.
• Reward:
  • Immediately praise and reward the dog with a treat for standing still in the correct position.

Step 2: Command Association

• Goal: Associate the verbal cue with the action.
• Action:
  • Consistently use the chosen verbal cue "Brace" each time you guide the dog into position.
  • Repeat multiple times in short sessions to reinforce the association.
• Reward:
  • Provide positive reinforcement every time the dog responds correctly to the cue.

Step 3: Physical Assistance Simulation

• Goal: Acclimate the dog to the sensation of supporting slight pressure.
• Action:
  • Gently place your hand on the dog’s shoulders or harness handle.
  • Apply minimal pressure to simulate the beginning of a position change.
• Reward:
  • Praise the dog for remaining steady and not moving away.

Phase 2: Reinforcing

Step 4: Practice Repetition

• Goal: Strengthen the dog's understanding and reliability.
• Action:
  • Practice the brace position in various scenarios and times of the day.
  • Increase the duration the dog needs to stay in position before receiving a reward.
• Reward:
  • Continue positive reinforcement to maintain enthusiasm.

Step 5: Incremental Weight Increase

• Goal: Gradually get the dog accustomed to supporting more weight.
• Action:
  • Slowly increase the amount of pressure you apply when using the dog for support.
  • Monitor the dog’s comfort level and never exceed what is safe for their size and strength.
• Reward:
  • Praise and treat the dog for successfully supporting increased pressure.

Step 6: Consistent Commands

• Goal: Ensure the dog responds reliably to the verbal and hand cues without guidance.
• Action:
  • Begin giving the cue without physically guiding the dog.
  • Encourage the dog to assume the brace position upon hearing the cue alone.
• Reward:
  • Offer immediate rewards for independent correct responses.

Phase 3: Proofing

Step 7: Practice in Different Environments

• Goal: Generalize the behavior across various settings.
• Action:
  • Train in different rooms, outdoors, and public places.
  • Include environments with different flooring surfaces like carpet, tile, or pavement.
• Reward:
  • Reinforce the behavior consistently in each new environment.

Step 8: Introduce Distractions

• Goal: Ensure the dog remains focused despite external stimuli.
• Action:
  • Add distractions such as other people, noises, or animals during training sessions.
  • Practice the brace command while these distractions are present.
• Reward:
  • Praise the dog for maintaining focus and performing the task correctly.

Step 9: Simulate Unexpected Cues

• Goal: Prepare the dog for sudden needs for assistance.
• Action:
  • Randomly give the brace command at unexpected times.
  • Vary your tone of voice and urgency to mimic real-life scenarios.
• Reward:
  • Provide high-value rewards for prompt and accurate responses.

Phase 4: Maintenance

Step 10: Regular Practice

• Goal: Keep the skill sharp and reliable.
• Action:
  • Incorporate the brace task into daily routines.
  • Use the command during actual position changes throughout the day.
• Reward:
  • Continue to offer praise and occasional treats to reinforce the behavior.

Step 11: Physical Health Checks

• Goal: Ensure the dog remains physically capable of performing the task.
• Action:
  • Schedule regular veterinary check-ups focusing on joint and muscle health.
  • Monitor the dog for any signs of discomfort or strain during and after assisting.
• Adjustment:
  • Modify or pause training if any health concerns arise.

Step 12: Refresh Training

• Goal: Maintain a high level of performance.
• Action:
  • Periodically revisit initial training steps.
  • Update commands or techniques as needed.
• Reward:
  • Use positive reinforcement to keep the dog engaged and responsive.

Common Misconceptions

• Misconception: All dogs can safely support a handler's weight.
  • Clarification: Only dogs of sufficient size, strength, and proper training can safely assist with weight-bearing tasks without risking injury to themselves or the handler. It's crucial to assess the dog's physical capabilities before assigning such tasks.
• Misconception: Once trained, the dog doesn't need ongoing practice.
  • Clarification: Regular practice is essential to maintain the dog's skills and physical condition. Ongoing training ensures reliability and safety.
• Misconception: Using the dog for support can replace medical equipment.
  • Clarification: While the dog can provide assistance, they should complement, not replace, necessary medical equipment prescribed by healthcare professionals.

Parent Coaching Tips

• Assess the Dog's Suitability
  • Ensure your dog is physically equipped for the task. Consult a veterinarian or professional trainer to evaluate the dog's size, strength, and health.
• Use Proper Equipment
  • Invest in a sturdy mobility harness with a handle designed for weight-bearing tasks. Proper equipment ensures safety and comfort for both the handler and the dog.
• Consistency
  • Use the same cues and commands consistently to avoid confusing the dog. Consistency reinforces learning and improves response time.
• Monitor for Discomfort
  • Watch for signs of strain or discomfort in your dog, such as limping, stiffness, or reluctance to perform tasks. If any issues arise, consult a veterinarian immediately.
• Positive Reinforcement
  • Always reward your dog for successful assistance to encourage ongoing cooperation. Rewards can be treats, praise, or affection, depending on what motivates your dog.
• Professional Guidance
  • Consider working with a certified mobility assistance dog trainer who can provide expert advice and techniques tailored to your needs.

Tools Needed

• Mobility Harness with Handle
  • Provides a secure and ergonomic way for the handler to hold onto the dog. The harness should be professionally fitted and comfortable for the dog.
• Non-Slip Mats
  • Useful during initial training to prevent slipping and ensure safety, especially on smooth surfaces.
• Treats and Rewards
  • High-value treats to reinforce positive behavior. Choose healthy options that your dog finds motivating.
• Professional Guidance
  • Access to a certified trainer or physical therapist who specializes in mobility assistance tasks.
• Comfortable Footwear
  • For the handler, to ensure stability during position changes.
• Mirror or Video Recording Device
  • Optional tools to observe and correct your posture and technique during training sessions.